北京大学357英语翻译基础考研真题回忆

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英语笔译

词条30个(30分)

1.虚构

2.计划生育

3.闹剧

4.故事片

5.调频

6.遗传病

7.黄金分割

8.耶稣受难日

9.格林威治时间

10.特邀明星

11.新闻摘要

12.助听器

13.海德公园

14.人造珍珠

15.下流手势

16.Absurd theater

17.Advance copy

18.All-expence tour

19.Amusement park

20.Anger young man

21.Bachelor mother

22.Bagpeople

23.The Beatles

24.Beauty contest

25.Burmuda Triangle

26.callgir

27.Cancer stick

28.Carrierpigeon信鸽

29.Catholicism

30.C

汉译英(60分)

(摘自鲁迅《摩罗诗力说》文言文】

由纯文学上言之,则以一切美术之本质,皆在使观听之人,为之兴感怡悦。文章为美术之一,质当亦然,与个人暨邦国之存,无所系属,实利离尽,究理弗存。故其为效,益智不如史乘,诫人不如格言,致富不如工商,弋功名不如卒业之券。特世有文章,而人乃以几于具足。美术文章之桀出于世者,观诵而后,似无裨于人间者,往往有之。然吾人乐于观诵,如游巨浸,前临渺茫,浮游波际,游泳既已,神质悉移。而彼之大海,实仅波起涛飞,绝无情愫,未始以一教训一格言相授。顾游者之元气体力,则为之陡增也。故文章之于人生,其为用决不次于衣食,宫室,宗教,道德。盖缘人在两间,必有时自觉以勤勉,有时丧我而悄恍,时必致力于善生,时必并忘其善生之事而入于醇乐,时或活动于现实之区,时或神驰于理想之域;苟致力于其偏,是谓之不具足。严冬永留,春气不至,生其躯壳,死其精魂,其人虽生,而人生之道失。文章不 用之用,其在斯乎?

英译汉(60分)

【《纽约客》杂志摘选】

The origins of the aphorism are both elevated and abject,as fits a literary form of sublime ambition that is at present in a kind of disgrace.

The aphorism is defined by its monadic quality,its obtuse resistance to being teased or elaborated.These go by othernames too:maxim,apothegm,dictum,epigram,gnome,and sentence.I am not quite sure they are the same as saws,adages, and proverbs-the aphorism is an oblique sort of statement.

The modern aphorism may be modelled on the classical, but it adds to the form a degree  of self-consciousness about its own power,motion,drive.Above all,the aphorism is a sharp  or pointed thing,violently deployed-though this  action can never be definitive,but must be repeated time and again.Like the fragment of  which it is a version,the aphorism is mostly to be found among others of its type;it manifests in multiple, even though its internal workings are all geared toward the unique verbal thrust or parry.In the seventeenth century, this combination of economy and violence was given  various names.In the same century,in Poland,the poet and aesthetician Maciej Kazimierz  Sarbiewski,also a Jesuit,elaborated a theory of the acutum:a Mannerist knife-thrust,a stylistic  stiletto.It has never gone away, this pert or pointed metaphorfor the action of the aphorism.Here is Maurice Blanchot in"The Writing of the

Disaster”:“Writing is perse already(it is still)violence: the rupture there is in each fragment,the break,the splitting, the tearing of the shred-acute singularity,steely point.”And E. M.cioran,on the virtues of economy and obliquity:“1s there a better sign of  civilization’than laconism? To stress,to

explain,to prove-so many forms of vulgarity.”Finally, Barthes on the pointedness of the

aphorism,and the performance that goes with it:“Point is a form of rupture: it always tends to  close thought on a flourish,on that fragile moment when the word is stilled,touching on both silence and applause."